Turbo Decoder Applications
This website gives an overview of all standards that apply turbo codes. Just click on the standard you want to know more about. Let us know if anything is missing!
Satellite
DVB-RCS2
DVB-RCS2 is the 2nd generation standard defining a return channel via satellite. It achieves better performance by using the more advanced 16-states double-binary turbo codes compared to the 8-states counterparts of its predecessor DVB-RCS. Thus far it is the only standard that uses 16-states double-binary turbo codes. Due to the support of new mappings (8-PSK, 16-QAM) it offers higher data rates and an improved spectral efficiency.
Standard | DVB-RCS2 |
Second Generation DVB Interactive Satellite System | |
Organization | ETSI |
Publication | 2014 |
Documents | EN301 545-2 |
Applications | Satellite Communication |
IP Cores | Creonic DVB-RCS2 Turbo Decoder and Encoder IP Core |
Turbo Codes | Double-binary parallel concatenated convolutional code (PCCC), 16 states, code rates 1/3 - 7/8, tailbiting |
DVB-RCS
In 2005 DVB-RCS was defined as the standard for return channel via satellite and complemented the DVB-S2 standard. It followed DVB-RCT and WiMax in using double binary turbo codes that outperform their binary counterpart. The successor DVB-RCS2 uses 16-states double binary turbo codes resulting in even better error correction performance.
Standard | DVB-RCS |
Interaction channel for satellite distribution systems | |
Organization | ETSI |
Publication | 2005 |
Documents | ETSI EN 301 790 |
Applications | Satellite Communication |
IP Cores | Creonic DVB-RCS Turbo Encoder and Decoder IP Core |
Turbo Codes | Double-binary parallel concatenated convolutional code (PCCC), 8 states, code rates 1/3 - 6/7, tailbiting |
CCSDS
In 2011 CCSDS (The Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems) adopted turbo codes by a blue book as "recommended standard".
Standard | TM Synchronization and Channel Coding, Blue Book, Issue 2, Recommended Standard. |
Organization | CCSDS (The Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems) |
Publication | 2011 (Blue Book) |
Documents | CCSDS 131.0-B-2 |
Applications | Near-Earth and deep space communication |
IP Core | Contact us! |
Turbo Codes | Binary parallel concatenated convolutional codes (PCCC), 16 states, code rates 1/6, 1/4, 1/3, 1/2, tail bits, block sizes 1784 bits, 3568 bits, 7136 bits, 8920 bits. |
Inmarsat
The Broadband Global Area Network (BGAN) is a global satellite network with telephony using portable terminals, operated by Inmarsat. It allows for data rates of hundreds of kbit/s.
Standard | Inmarsat BGAN |
Organization | Inmarsat |
Publication | 1999 |
Documents | |
Applications | Satellite communication |
IP Cores | Contact us! |
Turbo Codes | Binary parallel concatenated convolutional code, 16 states, code rates 1/5 to 1/2, block sizes up to 22.524 payload bits, tail bits |
GMR
GEO-Mobile Radio (GMR) is a standard for satellite telephony that follows the GSM standard in many ways. Only the three lower layers of the OSI model differ between GMR and GSM (for GMPRS only the two lowest layers).
Two versions of the standard exist: GMR-1 (ETSI TS 101 376) and GMR-2 (ETSI TS 101 377). For GMR-1 three releases exist. Release 3 of GMR-1 adopted turbo codes in 2009. The standard is characterized by low throughput requirements of less than 1 Mbit/s.
Standard | GMR-1 Release 3 (GMR-3G or GMR-1 3G) |
Organization | ETSI |
Publication | 2009 (GMR-3G) |
Documents | ETSI TS 101 376-5-3 V3.1.1 (GMR-3G) |
Applications | Satellite telephony |
IP Core | Contact us! |
Turbo Codes | Binary parallel concatenated convolutional code (PCCC), 8 states, base code rate 1/5, block lengths 200 to 6,000 bits, tail bits. |
DVB-SH
DVB-SH is a physical layer standard for delivering IP based media content and data to handheld terminals such as mobile phones or PDAs. It uses the same turbo codes as defined by 3GPP2 within the CDMA2000 standard.
Standard | DVB-SH |
Digital Video Broadcasting–Satellite services to Handheld | |
Organization | ETSI |
Publication | 2007 (DVB), 2011 (ETSI) |
Documents | ETSI EN 302 583 |
Applications | Satellite broadcast to handheld devices |
IP Core | Contact us! |
Turbo Codes | Binary parallel concatenated convolutional code (PCCC), 8 states, tail bits, code rates 1/5 ... 1/2, block size up to 20730 payload bits |
Mobile Phones
LTE / LTE-Advanced
LTE (Long Term Evolution) and LTE-A (LTE-Advanced) from the foundation for current 4G networks. Compared to UMTS, the turbo code interleaver was redesigned to simplify the hardware design for high throughput. While LTE offers data rates of up to 150 Mbit/s, LTE-A offers up to 1 Gbit/s.
Standard | 3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-A (LTE-Advanced) |
Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) |
|
Organization | 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) |
Publication | 2008 (LTE) 2010 (LTE-A) |
Documents |
Release 8 (LTE)
Release 10 (LTE-A) |
Applications | High-speed wireless communication for mobile phones and data terminals |
IP Core | Creonic LTE-Advanced Turbo Decoder IP Core |
Turbo Codes | Binary parallel concatenated convolutional codes (PCCC), 8 states, tail bits, code rates 0.33 to 0.95, payload block sizes 40 to 6144 bits |
UMTS / HSPA / HSPA+
In 1999 UMTS became the first standard to incorporate turbo codes after their invention in 1993. It offers throughputs of 384 kbit/s, which is much more compared to what GSM-based 2G networks can provide. UMTS was later extended to support higher throughputs for downlink (HSDPA) and uplink (HSUPA), commonly referred to as HSPA. Another evolution (Evolved HSPA or HSPA+) increases the data rates even further.
UMTS and its evolutions apply the same kind of turbo codes.
Standard | 3GPP Release 99 (UMTS, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) |
3GPP Release 5 (HSDPA), 3GPP Release 6 (HSUPA) | |
3GPP Release 7 (Evolved HSPA, HSPA+) | |
Organization | 3GPP |
Publication | 2000 (UMTS), 2002 - 2004 (HSPA: HSDPA/HSUPA), 2007 (HSPA+) |
Documents |
Release 99
Release 5 Release 6 Release 7 |
Applications | 3G networks |
IP Core | Contact us! |
Turbo Codes | Binary parallel concatenated convolutional codes (PCCC), 8 states, code rates >= 1/3, block sizes <= 5114 bits payload, tail bits. |
CDMA2000
CDMA2000 is the competitor to UMTS that was developed by the 3GPP2 consortium.
Standard | 3GPP2 CDMA2000 |
Organization | 3GPP2 |
Publication | 2000 |
Documents | |
Applications | 3G Mobile networks |
IP Core | Contact us! |
Turbo Codes | Binary parallel concatenated convolutional code (PCCC), 8 states, tail bits, code rates 1/5, 1/4, 1/3, 1/2, block size up to 20730 payload bits. |
Miscellaneous
IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX)
WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) was the first standard to adopt double-binary turbo codes for forward error correction. The codes were introduced in IEEE 802.16-2004, and later support was extended in IEEE 802.16-2009. The throughputs of WiMAX systems are typically much less than 100 Mbit/s. Usage of the turbo codes is optional.
Standard | IEEE 802.16-2004,
IEEE 802.16-2009 |
Local and metropolitan area networks Part 16: Air Interface for Fixed and Mobile Broadband Wireless Access Systems |
|
Organization | IEEE |
Publication | 2004 (IEEE 802.16-2004), 2009 (IEEE 802.16-2009) |
Documents |
IEEE 802.16-2004,
IEEE 802.16-2009, |
Applications | Local and Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks (WLAN/WMAN) |
Turbo Codes | Double-binary parallel concatenated convolutional code (PCCC), 8 states, tail-biting, code rates 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, payload block sizes 64 - 2048 bits (IEEE 802.16-2004) and 64 - 8192 bits (IEEE 802.16-2009) |
IEEE 802.22 (WRAN)
IEEE 802.22 is a standard for wireless broadband access that uses the so-called white spaces between occupied channels in the TV frequency spectrum. The aim of the standard is to bring broadband access to low population density areas. The maximum data rate is about 20 Mbit/s. Due to its cognitive radio techniques, it has the potential to be applied in many regions worldwide.
The standard uses the WiMAX (IEEE 802.16) double binary turbo codes with different interleaver parameters and block sizes. Turbo coding is optional, only support for convolutional coding is mandatory.
Standard | IEEE 802.22-2011 |
Wireless Regional Area Networks (WRAN)—Specific requirements
Part 22: Cognitive Wireless RAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications: Policies and Procedures for Operation in the TV Bands |
|
Organization | IEEE |
Publication | 2011 |
Documents | IEEE 802.22-2011 |
Applications | Wireless Regional Area Networks (WRAN) |
IP Core | Contact us! |
Turbo Codes | Double binary parallel concatenated convolutional code (PCCC), 8 states, code rates 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6, tail-biting, payload block sizes 48 - 1920 bits. |
TETRA
TETRA is a professional mobile radio and two-way transceiver specification. TETRA was specifically designed for use by government agencies, emergency services, (police forces, fire departments, ambulance) for public safety networks, rail transport staff for train radios, transport services and the military.
Standard | TETRA (Terrestrial Trunked Radio) |
Voice plus Data (V+D); Part 2: Air Interface (AI) | |
Organization | ETSI |
Publication | 2006 |
Documents | EN 300 392-2, V3.1.1 and up |
Applications | Mobile Radio |
IP Core | Contact us! |
Turbo Codes | Binary parallel concatenated convolution code (PCCC), 8 states, tail bits, code rates 1/2, 2/3 |
DVB-RCT
DVB-RCT was designed to extend DVB-T systems with a return channel. The data rate is in the range of a few kbit/s only. Due to the limited usability it was never deployed. DVB-RCT was the first standard to adopt double-binary turbo codes. Multiple standards followed using the double-binary version (WiMax, DVB-RCS, DVB-RCS2).
Standard | Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) |
Interaction channel for Digital Terrestrial Television (RCT) incorporating Multiple Access OFDM | |
Organization | ETSI |
Publication | 2002 |
Documents | ETSI EN 301 958 |
Applications | Digital TV |
IP Core | Contact us! |
Turbo Codes | Double binary parallel concatenated convolutional code (PCCC), 8 states, tail-biting, code rates 1/2, 3/4, payload block sizes 144 - 648 bits |
HomePlug AV / IEEE 1901
IEEE 1901 is a standard for high-speed data transmission via electric power lines. It uses frequencies below 100 MHz and achieves throughputs of hundreds of Mbit/s. The FFT OFDM physical layer was derived from the HomePlug AV standard and uses double binary turbo codes.
Standard | IEEE Standard for Broadband over Power Line Networks: Medium Access Control and Physical Layer Specifications |
Organization | IEEE |
Publication | 2010 (IEEE 1901-2010), 2005 (Homeplug AV) |
Documents | IEEE 1901-2010 |
Applications | Power Line Communication |
IP Core | Contact us! |
Turbo Codes | Double binary parallel concatenated convolutional codes (PCCC), 8 states, tail-biting, code rates 1/2, 16/21, 16/18, payload block sizes 128, 1088, 4160 bits. |
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